Browsing by Author "Akinduti Akinniyi Paul"

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    Clonal diversity and spatial dissemination of multi-antibiotics resistant Staphylococcus aureus pathotypes in Southwest Nigeria
    (Plos one, 2021) Banjo Temitope Temitayo; Akinduti Akinniyi Paul; Osiyemi Joshua Adekunle; Ejilude Oluwaseun; El-Ashker Maged; Adeyemi Adewale Gideon; Obafemi Yemisi Dorcas; Isibor Patrick Omoregie
    Spread of genetically diverse Staphylococcus aureus characterized with multi-antibiotic resistance and regulated by high level agr functionalities in several communities in southwest Nigeria was investigated and evaluated for infection control. Staphylococcus aureus pathotypes recovered from 256 cases including purulent pus from skin infections, soft tissue aspirates, wounds, otorrhea, eye, throat and endocervical infections were assayed for biofilm and antibiogram. Further genotyped with micro-array, mapped for geospatial distribution and evaluated for clonal diversity and functional accessory gene regulators (agr). Significant Staphylococci infection among the ages (OR:0.021, CI:0.545–1.914) and female gender with prevalence rate of MSSA (53.0%) and MRSA (1.5%) (OR:1.021, CI:0.374–1.785) were observed. More than 52.5% resistance rates to tetracycline and amoxicillin with significant median resistance were observed in all the infection cases (p = 0.001). Resistance rate of 78.8% at MIC50 32μg/ml and MIC90 128μg/ml to amoxicillin-clavulanate, and more than 40% resistance to ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline of MIC90 and MIC50 at 32 μg/ ml were observed. Strains with multi-antibiotic resistance index above 0.83, high beta lactamase and strong biofilm clustered into separate phylo-group. Heterogeneous t442 (wound and pus), t657 (wound), t091 (ear) and t657 (ear and wound) revealed high phylogenetic diversity. Only 4.6% pvl+ MSSA-CC1 agrI, pvl+ MSSA-CC5 (13.6%) and pvl+ MRSA-CC7 agrII (4.6%), expressed enterotoxin, leukocidins, proteases and resistance gene determinants. Livestock clonal types clustered with identified community-associated strains. Clonal dissemination of resistant pvl+ MSSA-CC1 and MRSA-CC5 encoding agr were predominant in several peri-urban communities where adequate geno-surveillance, population target antimicrobial stewardship, extensive community structured infection control programs are needed to prevent further focal dissemination.
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    Comparative studies on ascorbic acid production by single and mixed cultures of Aspergillus flavus and A. tamarii
    (Covenant Journal of Health and Life Science, 2023) Banjo Temitope Temitayo; Akinduti Akinniyi Paul; Lateef Esther Oluwafunmilade
    Ascorbic acid is an antioxidant which promotes increased resistance to infection and acts as preservatives in foods. The complexity and expensive nature of its production led to the search for a relatively simple and cheap method of ascorbic acid production. Hence, this study investigated the potentials of mixed cultures of Aspergillus flavus and A. tamarii for increased ascorbic acid production. Optimization of the fermentation process was carried out at pH (4 – 8), temperature (30 - 45 °C) and agitation speed (60 - 160 rpm) for 96 h. Titration and High Performance Liquid Chromatography techniques were used to determine the quantity of ascorbic acid produced. The highest quantities of ascorbic acid were produced at pH (5.0), temperature (40 °C) and agitation speed of 100 rpm at 96h of fermentation. The highest quantity of ascorbic acid (9.648 g/L) was produced by the mixed culture compared to acid yield of 6.248 and 7.246 g/L by A. flavus and A. tamarii respectively. The ability of the mixed cultures of A. flavus and A. tamarii in hyper-production of ascorbic acid is therefore established in this study.
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    Optimization and production of ascorbic acid by fusant cell of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus tamarii
    (Journal of King Saud University – Science, 2019) Banjo Temitope Temitayo; Kareem Sarafadeen Olateju; Akinduti Akinniyi Paul; Temitope Popoola; Akinloye Oluseyi Adeboye
    Ascorbic acid is an essential vitamin for the optimal growth of most animals including humans. The complexity and expensive nature of ascorbic acid production necessitates the development of a relatively simple and cost-effective method for its production. Hence, this study explored the potential of a somatic hybrid (fusant cell) of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus tamarii for enhanced production of ascorbic acid. Optimization studies of the ascorbic acid fermentation processes were performed at pH range of 4–8, temperature range of 30–45 C and agitation speed range 60–160 rpm for 96 h of fermentation. Quantification of the ascorbic acid produced was done titrimetrically. There was significant difference (P < 0.05) in the ascorbic acid production of the fusant cell and the parental cells. The ascorbic acid produced by the somatic hybrid was 8.85 g/L compared to its parental strains (3.92 g/L and 4.57 g/L). However, pH, temperature and agitation speed had no significant effects (P > 0.05) on ascorbic acid production. The study revealed that maximal ascorbic acid production of 9.95 g/L was obtained at pH 5.0, temperature 40 C and agitation speed of 100 rpm at 96 h of fermentation. This study shows the potential of fusant cell for enhanced ascorbic acid production.