Browsing by Author "Mohammed A. Z."

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    Assessment of the Spatio-temporal environmental parameters of surface water in Gurara reservoir, Kaduna state, Nigeria
    (International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2019) Kolo Reuben Jiya; Iliya Auta Yohanna; Ojutiku R. O.; Arimoro F. O.; Mohammed A. Z.; Musa B. B.
    Water is one of the main concerns in developing countries. In order to deal with this problem, an assessment of the spatio-temporal environmental parameters of surface water of Gurara Reservoir in Kaduna State was studied for twelve months from (March 2017-February, 2018). The physico-chemical parameters were determined monthly using standard methods. They includes water and air temperature, pH, Dissolved oxygen (DO), biological Oxygen demand (BOD), Nitrate (No3-N), phosphorus (Po4-P), Total Hardness (TH), Potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Total dissolved Solid (TDS) and depth. All results were analyzed using descriptive analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Principal component analysis (PCA) was use to correlate the physico-chemical variables among the stations and months. All the parameters fluctuate between the stations. These was mostly noted within the seasons and most of the values increase as a results of influx of municipal waste, runoff from agricultural fields, herbicides and pesticides, deforestation and other chemicals. Although most of the environmental variable values recorded were within the standard permissible limits set by Nigeria Industrial Standard (NIS, 2007) and (WHO, 2014), few stations within the reservoir are inclined toward eutrophication, therefore, the conservation and management of this water body is very much required.
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    Physiological Responses of the Heterobranchus Bidorsalis (Male) X Clarias Gariepinus (Female) Hybrid (Heteroclarias) Fingerlings to Different Temperature Levels under Laboratory Conditions
    (World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 2015) Kolo Reuben Jiya; Ayanwale Adesola Victoria; Iliya Auta Yohanna; Mohammed A. Z.; Lamai S. L.; Tsadu S. M.
    A twelve weeks experiment was carried out on Heteroclarias freshwater hybrid fish fingerlings under laboratory conditions to study the effects of different temperature levels, 26.91 (control), 28.00, 30.00, 32.00°C respectively and their physiological responses to oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and opercular respiratory beats were evaluated. The oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and opercular respiratory beats were determined weekly based on standard procedures. The findings revealed that the oxygen consumption of Heteroclarias hybrid fingerlings significantly (p<0.05) increased with increase in temperature. The ammonia excretion were not significantly different (p>0.05) in all the temperature levels. The opercular respiratory beats per minutes showed similar trend in weeks 1,2,4 and 8 but indicated significantly higher (p<0.05) opercular respiratory beats (range= 117.10±2.26 at 30oC to 142.75±3.04 opercular beat at 32oC in week 8) at highest tested temperature levels. However, there was a decreasing trend in the opercular respiratory beats per minute of the controlled fingerlings. Generally, the opercular respiratory beats per minute decreased with increase in fish size. The findings of this study confirmed that increase in water temperature affects the physiology of Heteroclarias hybrid and hence for effective rearing and for profit making, it is essential for the hybrid to be cultured in the temperature range between 26.91°C (control) to 28.00°C