Scholarly Work in Department of Biochemistry

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Browsing Scholarly Work in Department of Biochemistry by Author "Akinloye Oluseyi Adeboye"

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    A Time Course Study on Blood Chemistry and Haematological Parameters of Albino Rats Exposed To Microwaved Pellets
    (Animal Research International, 2021) Ikanone Christopher Efe Oritseweyinmi; Akinloye Oluseyi Adeboye; Ugbaja Regina Ngozi; Ighodaro Osasenaga Macdonald; Chiderah Chukwurah Chiamaka
    Different studies have implicated radiations in diverse health anomalies including genetic mutations and carcinogenesis. The present study sought to investigate any changes in vital blood chemistry indices following intake of micro wave pellet over different lengths of time using animal model (Wistar rats). Thirty-six adult male rats were randomized into three groups (n = 12). Group 1 animals (control) were fed with normal pellets; groups 2 and 3 animals were respectively fed with indirectly and directly micro waved pellets, and water ad libitum. Four animals were sacrificed weekly for three weeks from each group and blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for biochemical analyses. Plasma levels of total protein, cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), bilirubin and haematological indices were determined using standard procedures. Comparative analyses of the control and experimental groups showed that intake of micro waved pellets (both direct and indirect) caused significant (p<0.05) alterations in the physiological levels of total cholesterol, total triglyceride, HDL, LDL, ALP, AST, ALT, total protein, total and indirect bilirubin, by the third week. Although, these parameters did not significantly changed within the first two weeks, but significant (p<0.05) changes in haematological parameters were noticed right from the first week of micro waved pellet intake. Collectively, the outcome of this study apparently substantiates the health risk commonly associated with the intake of micro waved food and therefore discourages its consumption.
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    Biosynthesis of Ascorbic Acid by Aspergillus Flavus and Aspergillus Tamarii Immobilized in Afzelia Africana Matrix.
    (Food and Applied Bioscience Journal, 2018) Banjo Temitope Temitayo; Kareem Sarafadeen Olateju; Akinloye Oluseyi Adeboye; Popoola Temitope
    A novel matrix for the immobilization of ascorbic acid produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus tamarii was reported. Spores of A. flavus and A. tamarii were immobilized on Afzelia africana matrix cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (2.5%) and the effects of Afzelia africana gel concentration (9–13%), spore load (100–500 mg/100 ml), bead size (2–7 mm) and bead number (2–10) on ascorbic acid yield were determined. The immobilized fungi were cultured in a liquid fermentation medium containing BSG (0.6% w/v) for ascorbic acid production for 144 h. The ascorbic acid produced was quantified titrimetrically. The statistical analysis of the effects of gel concentration, spore load and bead size on ascorbic acid production showed no significant difference at p>0.05. However, there was significant difference in the effect of bead number on ascorbic acid production at p<0.05. Ascorbic acid yield of 8.5 g/L and 7.5 g/L was produced by Aspergillus tamarii and Aspergillus flavus respectively using 9 beads at 96 h of fermentation. The immobilized Aspergillus tamarii and Aspergillus flavus retained activities of 72% and 70% respectively after five repeated cycle and also exhibited increased activities over the free cells. This study shows the potential of Afzelia africana as a novel matrix for enhanced ascorbic acid production.
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    Effect of Sub-Acute Exposure to Bonny Light Crude Oil On Plasma Biochemistry and Liver Histopathology of Albino Rat
    (Animal Research International, 2017) Ikanone Christopher Efe Oritseweyinmi; Akinloye Oluseyi Adeboye; Ugbaja Regina Ngozi; Omotainse Samuel Olatunbosun; Ajayi Olusola Lawrence; Shopein Tolumide Michael
    The study investigated the consequences of the effect of sub-acute exposure to Nigerian Bonny Light Crude Oil (BLCO) crude oil on the blood chemistry and integrity of the liver of male albino rats. A total of 20 male wistar rats were used for the study. Exposure to crude oil was achieved by oral administration of increasing doses (0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0 ml of BLCO/g body weight) to the rats every day for two weeks. The initial and final body weights were recorded. The toxic effects on the liver were accessed using commercial kits and histopathological studies were carried out using standard histopathological technique. The results revealed that liver cells were damaged due to the crude oil administered. There was significant increase (p<0.05) in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities and total and direct bilirubin concentrations, and a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the total protein concentration as compared with the control group. Histopathological examinations indicated that crude oil caused severe pathological changes, it also revealed mild to severe disruption of the normal architectural structure of the liver accompanied by the death of many liver cells and the presence of pocket of blood within the liver parenchyma and cholangitis in the group treated with the highest dose (1.00 ml of BLCO /g body weight). The results therefore indicate that the sub-acute administration of the crude oil brought about impaired function of the liver which could lead to liver disease at very low doses and are such the use of the crude oil as a therapy to poisons, convulsion and other gastrointestinal disorders should be discouraged.
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    Microbial Production of Ascorbic Acid from Brewery Spent Grain (BSG) by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus tamarii
    (Food and Applied Bioscience Journal, 2018) Banjo Temitope Temitayo; Kareem Sarafadeen Olateju; Akinloye Oluseyi Adeboye
    This study evaluated the use of Brewery Spent Grain (BSG) as a novel substrate for the production of ascorbic acid using Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus tamarii. Spores of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus tamarii were cultured in a liquid fermentation medium containing BSG (0.6% w/v) for ascorbic acid production. The process was studied at pH 4–8, temperature range 30–45°C, agitation speed range 60–160 rpm for 168 h. Stability studies and the effects of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (0.5–4.0 g/ml) on ascorbic acid production were studied. Ascorbic acid produced was quantified by titration techniques and with High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The statistical analysis of the effects of temperature and agitation speed on ascorbic acid production showed no significant difference at p<0.05. However, there was significant difference in the effect of pH on ascorbic acid production at p<0.05. Optimum ascorbic acid yields of 7.25 g/L and 6.25 g/L were produced by A. tamarii and A. flavus respectively at pH 5.0, temperature (40°C) and agitation speed of 100 rpm at 96 h of fermentation. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) showed that 6.248 g/L and 7.246 g/L of ascorbic acid were produced by A. flavus and A. tamarii, respectively. Ascorbic acid production by A. flavus and A. tamarii was completely inhibited at 4 g/ml of EDTA. This study shows the potential of BSG as a novel substrate for ascorbic acid production.
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    Optimization and production of ascorbic acid by fusant cell of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus tamarii
    (Journal of King Saud University – Science, 2019) Banjo Temitope Temitayo; Kareem Sarafadeen Olateju; Akinduti Akinniyi Paul; Temitope Popoola; Akinloye Oluseyi Adeboye
    Ascorbic acid is an essential vitamin for the optimal growth of most animals including humans. The complexity and expensive nature of ascorbic acid production necessitates the development of a relatively simple and cost-effective method for its production. Hence, this study explored the potential of a somatic hybrid (fusant cell) of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus tamarii for enhanced production of ascorbic acid. Optimization studies of the ascorbic acid fermentation processes were performed at pH range of 4–8, temperature range of 30–45 C and agitation speed range 60–160 rpm for 96 h of fermentation. Quantification of the ascorbic acid produced was done titrimetrically. There was significant difference (P < 0.05) in the ascorbic acid production of the fusant cell and the parental cells. The ascorbic acid produced by the somatic hybrid was 8.85 g/L compared to its parental strains (3.92 g/L and 4.57 g/L). However, pH, temperature and agitation speed had no significant effects (P > 0.05) on ascorbic acid production. The study revealed that maximal ascorbic acid production of 9.95 g/L was obtained at pH 5.0, temperature 40 C and agitation speed of 100 rpm at 96 h of fermentation. This study shows the potential of fusant cell for enhanced ascorbic acid production.